Thuja plicata is a species of evergreen needleleaf coniferous plants (in the Cupressaceae or Cypress family), native to Pacific north-west of North America. It is a very large tree, of up to 70 metres, which can live to more than 1000 years. Large specimens tend to be conical in shape, with the trunk broadening at the base. Groups of it are a majestic sight.
The leaves of Thuja plicata are scale-like (meaning they look like thin cylinders whose surface is composed of small overlapping plates; in this they are typical of Cupressaceae). They are arranged in flat branching sprays in pairs on opposite sides of a twig. The tree bears groups of small egg-shaped cones with overlapping scales, initially green and becoming woody. Its bark is red-brown and fibrous with vertical grooves.
Thuja plicata is important in the native American cultures of its natural range, providing wood for articles such as canoes, houses and totem poles, fibre from its bark used for ropes, baskets and clothing, and as a symbol of strength. It prefers mild, rainy climates and grows well in this country, where it is planted as an ornamental tree, for shelter and for timber. It wood is not strong, but it is light, very rot-resistant and does not warp. It is commonly used for garden constructions, cladding, roof shingles and boats, and also pencils.
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